Of Godfathers and Markets: The Politics of (the) American Gangster
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28914/Atlantis-2020-42.1.04Abstract
This article closely examines the film American Gangster (2007) as a reinterpretation of the gangster film in light of neoliberalism. Deploying a critical framework underpinned by cultural and film genre studies, I argue the film revisits key tropes and themes of the gangster film by drawing substantially on neoliberal ideology and by addressing certain worldviews and phenomena concerning capitalist accumulation, such as Keynesianism, libertarianism and the relation between the state and private spheres. A wealth of scholarly literature has accrued that probes neoliberal capitalism as the hegemonic economic and political system of our time. However, film studies has yet to comprehensively take up the study of neoliberalism. Additionally, whether there are genre specificities in the way neoliberalism has been translated into film is a significantly underexplored area of research. American Gangster constitutes a particularly appropriate film to cohesively and unitarily tackle all those questions.
Downloads
References
Altman, Rick. 1999. Film/Genre. London: BFI.
Amin, Ash, ed. 1994. Post-Fordism: A Reader. Oxford: Blackwell.
Bergman, Andrew, dir. 1990. The Freshman. Tristar.
Bloc, Fred. 2001. Introduction to The Great Transformation: The Economic and Political Origins of Our Time, by Karl Polanyi, xvii-xxxviii. Boston, MA: Beacon.
Boetticher, Budd, dir. 1960. The Rise and Fall of Legs Diamond. Warner Bros.
Bradshaw, Peter. 2007. “Review of American Gangster.” Guardian, November 16. [Accessed online on July 22, 2019].
Brown, Wendy. 2016. Undoing the Demos: Neoliberalism’s Stealth Revolution. Cambridge, MA: Zone.
Carlos. (1980) 2007. “All in the Family: The Godfather Saga.” In Silver and Ursini 2007, 107-18.
Coen, Joel, dir. 1990. Miller’s Crossing. Twentieth Century Fox.
Cohen, Larry, dir. 1973. Black Caesar. MGM.
Cooper, Anna. 2019. “Neoliberal Theory and Film Studies.” New Review of Film and Television Studies 17 (3): 265-77.
Coppola, Francis Ford, dir. 1972. The Godfather. Paramount Pictures.
—. 1974. The Godfather, Part II. Paramount Pictures.
—. 1990. The Godfather, Part III. Paramount Pictures.
Dardot, Pierre and Christian Laval. (2013) 2017. The New Way of the World: On Neoliberal Society. Translated by Gregory Elliot. New York: Verso.
Deneen, Patrick. 2018. Why Liberalism Failed. New Haven, CT: Yale UP.
De Palma, Brian, dir. 1983. Scarface. Universal Pictures.
—. 1993. Carlito’s Way. Universal Pictures.
Ebert, Roger. 2007. “Movie Review: American Gangster.” RogerEbert.com, November 1. [Accessed online on August 7, 2019].
Fleder, Gary, dir. 1995. Things to Do in Denver When You’re Dead. Miramax International.
Fleischer, Ruben, dir. 2013. Gangster Squad. Lin Pictures.
Fordham, Geoff. 2007. “A Study in Ambiguity: The Godfather and the American Gangster Movie Tradition.” In Silver and Ursini 2007, 165-80.
García-Mainar, Luis M. 2009. “Contemporary Hollywood Crime Film and the New Individualism.” European Journal of American Studies 4 (2): 1-13.
—. 2016. The Introspective Realist Crime Film. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Gray, James, dir. 2007. We Own the Night. Columbia Pictures.
Griffith, D. W., dir. 1912. The Musketeers of Pig Alley. General Film Company.
Harvey, David. 1990. The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change. Oxford: Blackwell.
—. 2005. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford: Oxford UP.
—. 2010. The Enigma of Capital and the Crises of Capitalism. London: Profile.
Hassler-Forest, Dan. 2012. Capitalist Superheroes: Caped Crusaders in the Neoliberal Age. Alresford: Zero.
Hawks, Howard, dir. 1932. Scarface. United Artists.
Hayek, Friedrich A. (1944) 2001. The Road to Serfdom. London and New York: Routledge.
Hayward, Susan. 2006. Cinema Studies: The Key Concepts. 3rd ed. London and New York: Routledge.
Hobsbawm, Eric. 1994. Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century, 1914-1991. London: Abacus.
Huston, John, dir. 1950. The Asphalt Jungle. MGM.
—. 1985. Prizzi’s Honor. ABC Motion Pictures.
Jessop, Bob. 1994. “Post-Fordism and the State.” In Amin 1994, 251-79.
Judt, Tony. 2010. Algo va mal. Translated by Belén Urrutia. Madrid: Taurus.
Kaminsky, Stuart M. (1972) 2007. “Little Caesar and Its Role in the Gangster Film Genre.” In Silver and Ursini 2007, 47-64.
Kane, Joseph, dir. 1952. Hoodlum Empire. Republic Pictures.
Keynes, John M. (1936) 2018. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Lilla, Mark. 2017. The Once and Future Liberal: After Identity Politics. New York: Harper Collins.
Leitch, Thomas. 2002. Crime Films. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
Leone, Sergio, dir. 1984. Once Upon a Time in America. Warner Bros.
LeRoy, Mervyn, dir. 1931. Little Caesar. Warner Bros.
Mason, Fran. 2002. American Gangster Cinema from Little Caesar to Pulp Fiction. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Mayo, Archie, dir. 1930. The Doorway to Hell. Warner Bros.
Mazzucato, Mariana. (2013) 2018. The Entrepreneurial State: Debunking Public vs. Private Sector Myths. London: Penguin.
Mendes, Sam, dir. 2002. Road to Perdition. DreamWorks.
Munby, Jonathan. 1999. Public Enemies, Public Heroes: Screening the Gangster from Little Caesar to Touch of Evil. Chicago, IL: U of Chicago P.
Orán Llarena, Fabián. “What Ever Happened to Vito Corleone? Neoliberalism in American Gangster.” Paper given at AEDEAN Annual Conference, Córdoba, November 2018.
Parish, Robert, dir. 1951. The Mob. Columbia Pictures.
Peck, Jamie. 2010. Constructions of Neoliberal Reason. Oxford: Oxford UP.
Plantinga, Carl. 2010. “‘I Followed the Rules, and They All Loved You More’: Moral Judgment and Attitudes toward Fictional Characters in Film.” Midwest Studies in Philosophy XXXIV: 34-51.
Polanyi, Karl. (1944) 2001. The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time. Boston; MA: Beacon.
Polonsky, Abraham, dir. 1948. Force of Evil. MGM.
Ramis, Harold, dir. 1999. Analyze This. Warner Bros.
Ritt, Martin, dir. 1968. The Brotherhood. Paramount Pictures.
Robin, Corey. (2011) 2018. The Reactionary Mind: Conservatism from Edmund Burke to Donald Trump. New York: Oxford UP.
Roy, Ravi K. and Manfred B. Steger. 2010. Neoliberalism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford UP.
Schumpeter, Joseph A. (1943) 2003. Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. London and New York: Routledge.
Scorsese, Martin, dir. 1990. Goodfellas. Warner Bros.
—. 1995. Casino. Universal Pictures.
—. 2007. The Departed. Warner Bros.
Scott, Ridley, dir. 2007. American Gangster. Universal Pictures.
Sears, Fred F., dir. 1955. Chicago Syndicate. Columbia Pictures.
Seiler, Lewis, dir. 1953. The System. Warner Bros.
Shadoian, Jack. (1977) 2013. Dreams and Dead Ends: The American Gangster Film. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Shear, Barry, dir. 1972. Across 110th Street. United Artists.
Silver, Alain and James Ursini, eds. 2007. Gangster Film Reader. Pompton Plains, NJ: Limelight.
Steele, G. R. 2001. Keynes and Hayek: The Money Economy. London and New York: Routledge.
Stone, Oliver, dir. 1987. Wall Street. Twentieth Century Fox.
Verevis, Constantine. 2007. “Way of Life: Goodfellas and Casino.” In Silver and Ursini 2007, 209-24.
Wacquant, Loïc. 2008. Urban Outcasts: A Comparative Sociology of Advanced Marginality. Cambridge: Polity.
Walsh, Raoul, dir. 1941. High Sierra. Warner Bros.
—. 1949. White Heat. Warner Bros.
Warshow, Robert. (1948) 2007. “The Gangster as Tragic Hero.” In Silver and Ursini 2007, 11-18.
Wartzman, Rick. 2017. The End of Loyalty: The Rise and Fall of Good Jobs in America.
New York: Public Affairs. Wellman, William, dir. 1932. The Public Enemy. Warner Bros.
Wells, Wyatt. 2003. American Capitalism: 1945-2000. Chicago, IL: Ivan R. Dee.
Wilson, Ron. 2015. The Gangster Film: Fatal Success in American Cinema. London and New York: Wallflower.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The authors retain copyright of articles. They authorise AEDEAN to publish them in its journal Atlantis and to include them in the indexing and abstracting services, academic databases and repositories the journal participates in.
Under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), for non-commercial (i.e., personal or academic) purposes only, users are free to share (i.e., copy and redistribute in any medium or format) and adapt (i.e., remix, transform and build upon) articles published in Atlantis, free of charge and without obtaining prior permission from the publisher or the author(s), as long as they give appropriate credit to the author, the journal (Atlantis) and the publisher (AEDEAN), provide the relevant URL link to the original publication and indicate if changes were made. Such attribution may be done in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the journal endorses the user or their use of the material published therein. Users who adapt (i.e., remix, transform or build upon the material) must distribute their contributions under the same licence as the original.
Self-archiving is also permitted, so that authors are allowed to deposit the published PDF version of their articles in academic and/or institutional repositories, without fee or embargo. Authors may also post their individual articles on their personal websites, again on condition that the original link to the online edition is provided.
Authors are expected to know and heed basic ground rules that preclude simultaneous submission and/or duplicate publication. Prospective contributors to Atlantis commit themselves to the following when they submit a manuscript:
- That no concurrent consideration of the same, or almost identical, work by any other journal and/or publisher is taking place.
- That the potential contribution has not appeared previously, in any form whatsoever, in another journal, electronic format or as a chapter/section of a book.
Seeking permission for the use of copyright material is the responsibility of the author.